Control for automatic clothes washing machine



Jan. 6, 1948. J, B, DYER CONTROL FOR AUTOMATIC CLOTHES WASHING M ACHINB Original Filed Aug. 30, 1938 8 She ets-Sheet l I'l'IIII- lllllll J. B. DYER 2,434,199

CONTROL FOR AUTOMATIC CLOTHES WASHING MACHINE Jan. 6, 1943.

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UNITED S ATES PATENT OFFICE ,434.1 CONTROL FOB AUTOMATIC CLOTHES WASHING MACHINE era] Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a coriporation of Delaware Original application August 80, 1938, Serial No. 227,519, new Patent No. 2,825,837, dated August 3, 1943. Divided and this application January 20, 1943, Serial No. 472,983

4 Claims. (01. es-iz) l 2 This application is a division of my applica- Fig. 11 is a cross-section taken along the line tion Serial No. 227,519 filed August 30, 1938 now ll-ll of Fig. 8; Patent No. 2,325,837 issued Aug. 3. 1943 and is Fig. 12 is a cross-section taken along the line particularly directed to the automatic washing l2-l2 of Fig. 8;

machine disclosed therein wherein the tub is F s. 13, 14 and 15 are r ss-s tions of no automatically filled prior to the variable washing tions of solenoids which may be used in connecperiod, the duration of which may be selected tion with my invention;

prior to the initial filling. The washing period Fig. 16 is a wiring di g s n t e app is followed by the automatically controlled rinscation of the automatic control of the various ing and drying operations. parts of the washing machine; and p This invention relates to a domestic appliance. Fig. 17 is a time sheet indicating how the vari- An object of this invention is to provide a ous cams control the various operations of the washing machine capable of performing a washwashing machine. ing operation and a drying operation in the same The clothes, or other articles to be washed, tub. may be placed in the tub of my washing machine.

Another object of this invention is to provide A soap solution may be placed in one reservoir a washing machine in which washing, drying and and first and second rinse waters may be placed rinsing operations can be automatically perin their respective reservoirs. The automatic formed in the same vertically disposed tub. controls may then be set for a selected length of More specifically it is an object of this inven- 20 w h period and the machine started. Theretion to provide a washingmachine in which after the washing machine automatically pumps clothes may be placed in the tub, proper washing the soap solution into the tub; agitates the clothes fluids may be placed in the reservoirs provided for the selected l ngth of time in the soap solutherefor, the automatic controls may be set for tion; centr g s the S p Solution Out Of the the desired operations, and the machine may be clothes and back to its reservoir for subsequent started. Thereafter the selected operations are use; pumps the first rinse water into the tub; performed automatically without further attenagitates the clothes in the first rinse water for tion from the user. the proper length of time; centrifuges the first Furtherobjects and advantages of the present rinse W t into a Sewer Connection; P p the invention will be apparent from the following se o d se te o t u e a s the description, reference being had to the accomcl t e in t e S d rinse Water for the P p panying drawings, wherein a preferred form of length of time; centrifuges the second rinse water the present invention is clearly shown, into the first rinse water reservoir for use, as @In the drawings: first rinse water, with a subsequent .batch of 1.;Fig..1 is a vertical cross-section of the tub and clothes; and then Stops t e m t r o t e mac ine driving parts of a washin machine emb dyi in readiness for further washings or for proper my-invention; cleansing of the machine at the completion of -Fig. 2 is a cross-section of my washing machine, e Washing Operations. showing the -outer casing and several other parts My Washing maehine Preferably is e o ed n in cross-section; a streamlined casing in adapted to be supported ,I -Fi'g a is a cross-section tra s er t Fig, 2; on the floor. The casing preferably contains the Fig ,4 is rti cross-section t k along moving parts of the washing machine, reservoirs lthehline 44 of Fig. 1; in which to store the various washing fluids, and Fi 5 is a vertical cross-section showing the the automatic controls which cause the washing clutch mechanism; machine to perform, in proper sequence, the vari- Fig. v6.is a perspective view of the exterior of 0115 w hi g perations nec ssary to wash, and the washing machine; rinse the clothes and extract excess fluids there- Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the washing mafrom; chine; The casing Ill is provided with, or supported Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the automatic conon, a plurality of vertical supporting standards trolling mechanism; H and I2. These standards support the moving Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of the parts of the washing machine. To this end, various cams used in the controlling mechanism; standards II are arched at l3, to provide sup- Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken along the line ports for the rods I. Some ofthe standards ll |0l0 of Fig. 8; are provided with pedestals or casters I3a to Y agitator IQ of the rest on the floor. The machine may be provided with other pedestals or casters lib, as desired. The rods H are provided with rubber or rubberlike, end members 15 and 15 to insulate them both from a noise and a vibration standpoint. These rods are supported at their upper ends by the arched portions I3 of the rods II and support, at their lower ends, a frame |1 upon which the tub l8, and the driving parts therefor are supported. The rods i4 and frame l1 therefore provide a free swinging support for the tub and the driving parts therefor, so that the force of the vibrations of the tub is greatly reduced, and is practically dampened before it is transmitted to the floor upon which the washing machine rests.

The swinging parts of the washing machineare joined to the relatively stationary parts of the washing machine by flexible hose connections, and, where control knobs, etc., are "supported on the swinging parts of the washing machine and pass through the casing I0, suitable openings are provided to allow such control rods to vibrate with the swinging parts, without touching the casing l0.

The tub 18 preferably is mounted for spinning or rotation about a vertical axis to perform the extracting or centrifuging action. A vertically pulsating, cone-shaped agitator i9 is placed within the tub. The arrangement is such that articles to be washed can be placed in the tub [8, a proper washing solution, and first and second rinse waters can be placed in the reservoirs 20, 2| and 22. Thereafter, by proper setting of the control mechanism, the clothes are automatically washed in the washing solution, centrifuged, rinsed, centrifuged, rinsed, and again centrifuged to provide the complete washing of the clothes, in situ. The articles to be washed are agitated in the various washing fluids, which form bodies of washing fluid in the tub l8, by a series of strong, pulsating, radially outwardly directed currents of the fluid at the bottom of the body of fluid in the tub l8. Thereafter the washing fluid is removed from the articles to be washed by imparting, in situ, a whirling centrifugal action to the tub I. The various mechanisms with which these steps are carried out are illustrated in the drawings.

The cone-shaped agitator i9 is preferably provided with a cone-shaped rubber, or rubberlike, rim 23 along its lower edge. The agitator is supported on the upper end of a vertically reciprocable rod 24. A suitable metallic or-rubber-like diaphragm 25a is provided near the rod 24 or tub 18 to prevent the flow of liquid along the rod 24. The rod 24 is vertically reciprocated by means of a Scotch yoke mechanism 25 at its lower end. The Scotch yoke mechanism is of such a character that it imparts a vertical reciprocating movement to th rod 24 and permits the same to rotate with the tub l8 when the tub is rotated.

The agitator l5 preferably isgiven a vertical reciprocating movement of about 1 inches to 2 inches, at a speed of about 450 pulsations per minute. Preferably the tub i8 is about 20 to 25 inches in diameter at the top. When clothes are placed in the tub, with liquid nearly to the top, and the-agitat0r is reciprocated at the rate above given, a very efficient washing action is obtained. The agitator tends to impart a smokers ring or torroidal movement to the clothes and water, and this flexes the clothes continuously during the washing operation and frees the dirt from them. The ring 23 tends to impart a rubbing action to the clothes and acts as a ducks foot" in imparting strong pulsating, radially outwardly directed water currents at the bottom of the tub, which, in turn, impart the smoker'sring" agitation to the main body of water.

The Scotch yoke mechanism 25 includes the portion 25 provided with a horizontal slot 21 which is engaged by the pin 28 eccentricaliy carried on the disc 25. The disc 29 is rotated by the shaft 35. The rod 24 is secured to a ring 3| which is rotationally free in the slot 52, so that when the portion 25 is reciprocated, the ring 52 and rod 24 are also reciprocated. On th other hand, when the tub is rotated, the agitator l9, rod 24 and ring 3| can rotate independently of the portion 25.

The tub and driving mechanism are mounted on the swinging frame l1. The driving mechanism includes a motor 33 suspended from the bracket 34. The motor 23 has a driving connection to impart rotation to the tub II. To this end, the motor 53 drives a shaft 35, provided with a worm 36 engaging the gear wheel 31. The gear wheel 31 is keyed to a hollow shaft 38, which carries, at its upper end a platform 39, bolted to the bottom of the tub II. The shaft 58 is provided with ball bearings 45 and 4|, the ball bearing 4| preferably being a thrust bearing, to receive the weight of the tub. The reciprocable shaft 24 is loosely mounted within the shaft 38 and preferably is provided with sleeve bearings 42 and 43.

The motor driven shaft 35 is provided with clutch means 44 for selectively connecting the tub centrifugal drive, or an agitator reciprocating drive with the motor 33. The clutch means includes the centrifugal clutch 45 and the reciprocating clutch 48. These clutches are actuated by a reciprocable rod 41 in such a manner that when the rod 41 is moved to the right, Figs. 1 and 5, the centrifugal clutch 45 is engaged, and when the rod 41 is moved to the left the reciprocating clutch 46 is engaged. When the clutch 45 is engaged, the worm 35 is rotated, thus causing centrifugal rotation of the tub. When the clutch 46 is engaged, the gear 48 is rotated, which in turn drives the large gear wheel 49 carried by the shaft 30. Rotation of the shaft 30 causes reciprocation of the agitator l9 through the medium of the shaft 24.

Any suitable type of selective clutch mechanism may be used. For example, the clutch mechanism shown in Fig. 5 includes driven discs 50 and 5| and driving discs 52 and 55 carried by the cups 52a and 53a, respectively, keyed to the shaft 35. Spring 54 urges the clutch discs 5|! and 52 into engagement while spring 55 urges the clutch discs 5| and 54 into engagement. The rod 41 carries brake elements 55 and 51. When the rod is moved to the right, as shown in Fig. 5, the brake element 51 engages with the brake disc 58 and'removes the spring pressure of spring 54 from the discs 5|! and 52 thus disengaging the reciprocating drive and applying a braking action to it. At the same time, the brake element 55 is moved away from the brake disc 55. This permits the force or the spring 55 to be applied to the discs 5| and 53 thus bringing the sleeve 50, carrying the worm 35. into driving engagement with the shaft 55, thus causing centrifugal rotation of the tub. Conversely, when the shaft 41 is moved to the left, the discs 5| and 51 are disengaged, and the discs 50 and 52 are engaged, thus connecting the agitator I! to the motor through the medium of shaft 55, discs 55 and 52, etc., the discs 55 being keyed onsleeve 45a carrying gear 45.

to the right by spin solenoid 81a and to the-left by agitation solenoid 81b. These solenoids are automatically energized at the proper times by the control mechanism herein more fully described. when neither solenoid is energized, both the tub and the agitator remain stationary, since both clutches 88 and 88 are disengaged at "neutral" position of rod 81.

The washing machine may be provided with suitable reservoirs 20, 2I and 22, and suitable liquid flow connections may be provided for introducing liquids from the reservoirs 28, 2i and 22 into the tub I8, for returning such liquids from the tub into the proper reservoirs or for disharging the liquid from the tub into a suitable drain connection. For this purpose, a pump is provided, which is drivingly engaged with the The shaft 81 is moved motor 88 through the medium of a clutch H and a belt drive 12, the clutch 'II being actuated by the solenoid 13. The intake of the pump 10 is connected, by a partly flexible pipe 18 with the reservoirs 20, 2| and 22 through the medium of branches 15, 16 and 11 respectively, which branches are provided with solenoid valves 18, 19 and 80 respectively. The discharge of the pump 10 is connected through the medium of a partly flexible pipe 8|, solenoid valve 82 and pipe 83 with the tub I8, and is also connected with a drain connection 88, which branches from the solenoid valve 82. A drain trough 85 is placed around the upper portion of the tub I8, so that liquid can be discharged from the tub through the slotted opening 86 into the trough 85. From thence the liquid can be discharged into the reservoirs'20 or 2|, as selected by the solenoid valve 81, through the medium of pipes 88 and 89. The pipes 14 and BI are rendered partially flexible by rubber hose sections 14a and 8Ia.

The various operations of the washing machine may be automatically controlled. For this purpose, the motor 33 is drivingly connected, through belt 90, with a control switch box 9I, which is provided with suitable cam actuated switches to perform the desired sequence of operations. The

pulley 92, by proper gear reduction mechanism in gear box 93 drives the cone-shaped gear 94 at a reduced rate. The gear 94 is engageably and disengageably connected to the internal coneshaped gear wheel 95 to drive the shaft 96 at slow speed. The shaft 96 is longitudinally movable by the handle 91, through the forked crank 91a and disc 91b secured to shaft 96, to bring into en gagement or disengagement the gears 98 and 95. When the gears are disengaged by movement of handle 91, the shaft 96 can be positioned at any initial starting adjustment by means of the positioning knob 98 for initiating the washing cycle. When the handle 91 is released, spring IIO returns shaft 96 leftward.

The first manipulation of the knob 98 is such as to set the drive crank 99 a proper angular distance from the driven pin I00. This permits the drive shaft 96 to be rotated a selected period of time before the members 99 and I00 come into driving engagement. The time that shaft 96 rotates before the members 99 and I00 engage each other is the period A during which the tub I8 is filled with soap solution and the period B dur-- ing which the clothes are agitated in the soap solution. This period B is adj-ustably selectable to provide a variable wash period, of a length desired by the user, during which the clothes are agitated in the soap solution. After the members 99 and I00 come into engagement, the shaft 96a is rotated, and the remaining washing ophandle 91 is then released,

asserts 8 erationsCtoIsrecontrolledbytheca-ms ill to I88 inclusive, which are mounted on shaft 88. which starts its rotation at the termination of wish period 8. The initial tub filling period A, duringwhich the pump withdraws soap solution from reservoir 20 and discharges it into the tub I8 is performed by cam I81, after which the variable soap wash period B is determined by the original setting of the distance between members 88 and I80 which selects the time that shaft 88 can rotate before it starts rotating shaft 880.

Fig. 16 shows the action of the various cams. After the clothes have been placed in the tub I8, the cover I08 is closed and the soap solution and rinses are placed in reservoirs '28, 2| and 22 hinged door opening I08a. switch I88 is turned to the on tion. The handle 81 is then moved outwardly to disengage the gears 98 and 90 and the knob 88 is turned to the proper index (see Fig. 6) to provide the desired length of washing period 13. The so that the spring IIO left and engagesthe gears 98 and 95. The cam I01 is provided with a followlngswitch III, carried by a movable arm 2, so that when the shaft 96 is initially positioned at its selected position the contacts II! of the switch III are closed and remain closed a suflicient length of time to pump the soap solution from the reservoir 20 into the tub I8. The closing of contacts I I3 energizes the pump clutch solenoid 13 and the soap solution valve 18 to cause the pumping operation. The contacts III remain closed a suflicient length of time to permit all of the liquid to be transferred from the reservoir 20 into the tub I8. During the time that the tub is being filled, the tub and agitator are stationary since the solenoids 81a and 81b are not energized. When the circuits to pump clutch solenoid 18 or to spin solenoid 4111 are closed the relay switch I I0 is opened, thus preventing energization of the agitation solenoid 81b at that time. Accordingly, while liquid is being pumped into tub I8 during operation A, the agitator I9 remains stationary, but as soon as operation B begins, by the opening of-contacts H3, relay Ill closes and causes operation of agitator I9 through solenoid 41b.

knob 99, of the angular distance between the members 99 and I00. Contacts II3 open after a fixed period of time A and before the members 99 and I00 come into engagement.

After the members 99 and I 00 come into engagement, the shaft 96a begins to rotate and the cam IOI moves to close contacts I I5, as indicated by the time sheet, Fig. 17. period C. The closing of the contacts I I5 energizes the solenoid 81a and deenergizes solenoid 41b, thus changing the drive from agitation to spinning and causing the clothes to be centrifuged for a, suitable period of time C, as long as the corresponding knob of cam IOI keeps the switch II 5 closed. The soap solution, during this centrifuging period, is discharged into the trough and from thence flows through the valve 81 and pipe 88 back into the reservoir 20 for reuse with the second batch of clothes. The valve 81 is of the character shown in Fig. 14, and, when unenergized, causes liquid to flow into the pipe 88 rather than into the pipe 89.

The next operation D,

the pumping of the first rinse water into tub I8,

takes place, as indicated by Fig. 1'7, when cams I04 and I close their respective switches IIS and H1. The closing of switch I I6 energizes the pump solenoid 13, which, by the means of cantilever II8, acting against tension spring II8a, engages the pump clutch 1| anddrives the pump 10. The closing of switch IIB also energizes and opens relay II4 thus preventing agitation. At the same time, the closing of the switch Iii energizes the solenoid valve 19 of the reservoir 2| and causes the pump to pump the first rinse water from reservoir 2| into tub I8. At this time, the cam IOI has opened the switch H5 and thus the tub is not rotated. and the first rinse water remains in the tub I8. After the filling operation D is terminated by the opening of switch IIB by cam I05, operation E take place by the consequent deenergization and closing of relay II4. This energizes agitation solenoid 41b and causes agitation of the clothes during period E.

After the clothes have been properly agitated during period E, the cams IOI, I02, I03, I04 and I05 close their respective contacts H5, H8, H9, H6 and H1 during period F to cause the first rinse water to be discharged-from tub I8 into sewer connection 84. This is accomplished by centrifuging the first rinse into reservoir 2| and pumping it from thence into sewer connection 84. The closing of switch II5 causes the tub to spin by the energization of solenoid 41a, and prevents agitation by the energization and opening of relay II4. The closing of switch II8 energizes solenoid valve 81, so that the rinse water being centrifuged flows through pipe 89 into the reservoir 2|. The closing of the contacts IIII energizes the solenoid valve 82, so that the discharge from the pump 10, and from reservoir 2| is directed to the sewer connection 84. The closing of switch ||8 energizes the pump clutch and stops the agitator, and the closing of switch II1 energizes valve 19, so that the pump I0 can remove the soiled first rinse water as fast as it is returned to reservoir 2| and can discharge it to the sewer connection 84.

Thereafter operation G takes place during which the second rinse is pumped from reservoir 22 into tub I8. Cam I04 keeps the switch |I0 closed, and the cam I06 closes the contacts I20. Since the contacts |I6 remain closed. the pump continues to operate and relay II4 remains open to prevent actuation of the agitator, and the closing of contacts I20 energizes the solenoid valve 80 and causes the pump 10 to pump the second rinse water from reservoir 22 into the tub I8. The agitator and tub are stationary during this period.

During period H the clothes are agitated in the second rinse water. During this period all pumping operations are stopped and the agitator is actuated since relay I I4 is closed.

Thereafter, during period I, the final centrifugal spinning action takes place and the second rinse water is directed into reservoir 2| for use with the next subsequent batch of clothes because cams IOI and I02 close their respective contacts H5 and M8 to spin the tub and to energize valve 81 and direct the extracted rinse water into reservoir 2 I.

The continued rotation of the control device brings the arm I00 into engagement with the switch I2I at point I2Ia (Fig. 12) to open its contacts. The opening of contacts |2I stops the motor 33 and stops all operations, so that the washed and dried clothes can be removed from the tub I8 during the indefinitely long period of time J during which all washing operations are stopped. The next subsequent batch of clothes is inserted in tub I8 during this period J. The reservoir 22 is refilled with rinse water, the control reset, and washing operations are repeated on the next batch of scribed with respect to the first batch. when it is desired to empty the machine of all liquids, the drain switch I22 is turned to the drain position. The turning of this switch (indicated by dotted line I22 in Fig. 16) closes contacts I23 to I29 inclusive. The closing of switches I23 and I24 energizes motor 33 and valve 13. The closing of switches I25 to I20 energizes valve 82, pump clutch solenoid 13, and valves 13 and respectively and opens relay II4. The closing of contacts I25 causes the tub to spin. The tub I3. before the switch I22 is manipulated, can be scrubbed with water which remains in the tub until switch I22 is manipulated. As the tub II then spins, the water in the tub is centrifugally discharged into reservoir 20 and from thence through pump 10 into the sewer connection 84.

The relative position or these parts can be changed. The reservoirs 20, 2| and 22 need not be placed inside the casing I0, but may be on the outside of the casing and the automatic operation still may be maintained.

Mechanism which causes the switch III to follow properly the cam I01 is provided. The arm II2 is frictionally held in any position by hub I30. The hub I30 is pulled against support I3| by spring I32 and sleeve I33, so that arm II2 tends to remain wherever last positioned. The gear wheel has two lugs I34 and I35 which straddle the lower portion I35 of arm II2. When gear wheel 05 is turned (Fig. 11) as indicated by the arrow on the right, lug I35 carries arm |I2 with it in a clockwise direction, so that when operation is started and gear wheel 95 is started counter-clockwise by motor operation, cam I01 closes switch I I3 for the necessary period of time to pump the soap solution from reservoir 20 to tub I8. The switch H3, and arm II2, remain frictionally in the same place until the knob of cam I01 has passed and opened the switch 3 to terminate the pumping action. Thereafter the lug I34 moves the arm ||2 counter-clockwise during the selected length of time of period B after which the shaft 900 starts rotation to control operations C-I inclusive, to be ready to be again set by lug I35 when the machine is reset. During the resetting operation the cam I01 is moved to the right by the movement of handle 91 (Fig. 8) so that the cam I01 does not engage switch II3 during the resetting operation.

The shaft 88a constantly is under a clockwise (as viewed in Fig. 12) turning impulse under the action of spring I30, so that it moves from the position shown in Fig. 12 only when turned by drive crank 99. When the control mechanism is reset by the user. and when handle 31 is pulled out, the shaft 96a is returned to the Fig. 12 position by spring I38 and is held with pin I00 against stop I33. This returns shaft 95 and knob 98 to zero" position. The user then turns knob 88 to the desired washing period of 5, 10, 15, 20 or other desired number of minutes.

The moving parts of the driving mechanism are enclosed in casing I50 which swings from rods I4. The casing I50 is partially filled with oil, so that all oi the moving parts of the driving mechanism are lubricated by the splash system.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred 18 form. it is to be understood that other forms clothes as previously de-' 1 driving the second accuse might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A washing machine including a tub, filling means for filling the tub with liquid, agitating means for agitating the contents of the tub, a manually settable control means for controlling each of said means, said control means including a settable device movable to selective positions for controlling said filling and agitating means to 1111 the tub and agitate the contents therein, a second device having a lost motion connection with said settable device for controlling said filling and agitating means to provide a rinsing period, and a driving means for driving said settable device.

2. A control including a first set of control devices, a second set of control devices, a settable device movable to selective positions to operate said first set 01' control devices in a selective period according to its selective setting, a second device for operating said second set of control devices, a driving means for driving said settable device, and a lost motion connection connecting said settable device and said second device for device after the selective period of the settable device.

3. A control including'a first set of control devices, a second set of control devices, a settable device movable to selective positions said first set of control devices in a selective period according to. its selective setting, a second device for operating said second set 01' control devices, a disconnectible driving means disconnectible from said settable device during the setto operate 30 ting of said settable device for normally driving said settable device, and a lost motion connection connecting said settable device and said second device for driving the second device after the selective period of the settable device.

4. A control including a first set of control devices, a second set of control devices, a settable device manually movable in one direction to various selective positions and movable in a second direction to operate said first set of control devices, a second device for operating said second set of control devices, a disconhectible driving means disconnectible from said settable device during the setting of said settable device for normally driving said settable device in said second direction, connecting said settable device and said second device for driving the second device after the selective period 01' the settable device.

JOHN B. DYER.

26 file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS and a lost motion connection 

